El franquismo, 40 años después

El franquismo, 40 años después, en ocho artículos de Babelia/El País 8/4/2015

Los cuarenta años transcurridos desde la muerte de Francisco Franco han sido analizados a fondo en Babelia y por importantes novedades del mercado editorial. No solo los libros, también la historieta se ha sumergido en la realidad social de la España entre la Guerra Civil y la Transición. Los historiadores abordan el debate: ¿qué sobrevive de aquel régimen?

Un franquismo de tebeo
El retrato de la vida cotidiana durante la dictadura constituye ya un subgénero de la historieta española, menos atenta a la figura del dictador. Por TEREIXA CONSTELA

De la Guerra Civil a la Transición, en viñetas
Una selección de las seis mejores obras que dibujan los siniestros años de la dictadura

La verdad de la dictadura aún molesta
La sociedad española enterró el franquismo en su vida cotidiana, pero sigue dividida. Un debate entre Almudena Grandes, Julián Casanova y Mirta Núñez

Queda Franco para rato
Julián Casanova ha escogido a una decena de historiadores que saben lo que se traen entre manos para contarnos algunas partes de esta historia. Por JORGE M. REVERTE

La sombra de Franco es alargada
Una eclosión de títulos sobre el dictador analizan la evolución de su imagen en la propaganda, los intentos de atentar contra él y sus apoyos en los servicios secretos. Por ENRIQUE MORADIELLOS

¿Qué queda del franquismo?
La buena noticia es que el franquismo ya es historia. La mala, que su fin no significa que todas sus señas de identidad hayan desaparecido. Las dos visiones de ISAAC ROSA y MERCEDES CABRERA

Y otros más… en: http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2015/04/02/babelia/1427971896_868804.html

Chile – Oscars: Declassified Documents Tell History Behind Best Foreign Film Nomination, “No”

“No” Film
OSCARS: DECLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS TELL HISTORY BEHIND BEST FOREIGN FILM NOMINATION, “NO”
ONCE SECRET CIA, DEFENSE AND STATE DEPARTMENT RECORDS FILL IN GAPS IN CHILEAN FILM DEPICTING MEDIA CAMPAIGN TO OUST GENERAL AUGUSTO PINOCHET

National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 413
Posted – February 22, 2013 Edited by Peter Kornluh

http://www.nsarchive.org

Washington, D.C., February 22, 2013 — Chilean ruler General Augusto Pinochet intended to use violence to annul the October 1988 plebiscite that ended his lengthy military dictatorship, according to declassified documents posted today by the National Security Archive in order to fill in the historical gaps of the Oscar-nominated film, “NO.”

With the Oscars approaching on February 24, the Archive posting includes formerly top secret records that provide new details about the history of the “Campaign of the NO” in Chile–the dynamic political movement that eventually led to Pinochet’s loss of the presidency. The documents include highly classified warnings from the U.S. military attache that Pinochet intended to use violence to sustain himself in power if the NO won the October 5, 1988, plebiscite; a CIA report on Pinochet’s “apoplectic” reaction to the vote; as well as private records relating to the voter registration drive that was critical to the electoral victory to remove Chile’s 15-year old military regime.

Nominated for best foreign film, “NO” has received widespread acclaim from movie reviewers. Writing in the New Yorker, critic Anthony Lane noted that “the title is a downer but the movie lifts you up;” he called “NO” “the best film ever made about Chilean plebiscites.” But like “Zero Dark Thirty,” “Argo,” and “Lincoln,” which also examine historical events, “NO” has been criticized for misrepresenting and omitting key elements of the history it depicts.

As the movie indicates, Pinochet’s ouster at the polls was an inspirational event, a rare victory of good over evil, brought about by Chileans for Chileans. As a historic event, it demands to be understood. The complexity of the story is not depicted on screen. But the fact that the movie is being recognized at the Oscars, and now being seen around the world, cannot help but draw attention to the fuller story of the Campaign of the NO, which is included in this dramatic documentation now available on the National Security Archive’s website.

THE DOCUMENTS

Document 1: State Department, “Preparations Accelerating for Plebiscite” August 3, 1988

Document 2: State Department, Confidential, “The Chilean Plebiscite: Sitrep 2,” August 12, 1988 (original missing p. 5)

Document 3: Greer, Margolis, Mitchell & Associates, “Campana para la Inscripcion en Los Registros Electorales” (Campaign for Electoral Registration) ca 1987

Document 4: Defense Intelligence Agency, Top Secret Zarf Umbra, Chile: Contingency Plans,” October 4, 1988

Document 5: State Department, “The Chilean Plebiscite, Sitrep 4,” October 6, 1988

Document 6: CIA, [Informant Report on Pinochet’s auto coup plan for the plebiscite] November 18, 1988

Document 7: Defense Intelligence Agency, Secret ExDis, “Chile: Plebiscite Goes Forward as Pinochet Apparently Loses,” October 6, 1988

Document 8: Defense Intelligence Agency: Secret, “Chilean Junta Meeting, the Night of the Plebiscite,” January 1, 1989

Document 9: State Department, Confidential, “The Chilean Plebiscite, Sitrep Eight,” October 7, 1988

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